Stucco or render is a construction material made of aggregates, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as a decorative coating for walls and ceilings, exterior walls, and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture.

Stucco has additionally been used as a sculptural and creative material. Stucco remedy become used withinside the architectural ornament schemes of many historical cultures.

Examples of Egyptian, Minoan, and Etruscan stucco reliefs continue to be extant. In the artwork of Mesopotamia and historical Persian artwork there has been a considerable lifestyle of figurative and decorative inner stucco reliefs, which persisted into Islamic artwork, for instance in Abbasid Samarra, now the use of geometrical and plant-primarily based totally ornament.

As the arabesque reached its complete maturity, carved stucco remained a completely not unusualplace medium for adornment and calligraphic inscriptions. Indian structure used stucco as a cloth for sculpture in an architectural context. It is uncommon withinside the countryside.