Neverending problems with Linux

I forgot to mention that, yes , i can ping the windows computer. I also turned off the firewall for some time to test. I did what i needed to do in windows (as in the tutorials), so i believe i have such problems, because some packages are missing and i cant download them because of old or not active reposorities. I made a update of a lot of apps/files, but there are always some errors.
Tomorrow when i will do it again, at least i will try with samba and cifs-util or what the name was and then i will let you know what are the errors.

Ok I just install Wheezy in a Virtual machine.

To get things to work I had to setup Win10 to use smb1
learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server...v1-v2-v3?tabs=server

Set up a share on the windows machine.

Open Thunar file manager
Goto View --> Location Selector and select Toolbar Style

In toolbar type IP_ADDRESS_OF_SERVER in the IP address of your windows machine WINDOWS_USER_NAME is the user name on the windows machine
smb://WINDOWS_USER_NAME@IP_ADDRESS_OF_SERVER/
NAME_OF_SHARE
You should then get a popup window asking for user name & password

This was from a fresh install and not installing any other software on the debian machine. Browsing sucks so all I do is use the above method
This method doesn’t require any editing of files on your Debian machine.
Also when the first pop up appears you can select to remember the password so you don’t have to enter it again.

Note my interfaces (enp3s0 & wlp1s0). replace that with yours, along with your network addressing. 
Fairly simple and fail-proof. All my linux workstation are configured the same. 

Lastly, assuming your linux machine has anb ip of 192.168.10.100, create a windows shortcut with the following as the location of the item:
\\192.168.10.100\share
 

Oh damn. I wrote a text and wanted to post it but then clicked on "use editor" and now the text is gone. I am writing from my phone. On pc the text is always there after clicking go to editor.. and I just wanted to post a picture.
I have only about 30min left, but I will make it as short as possible.

I connected to the windows pc, I see folders, I see also the shared folder, bur when I click it I get a error, failed to mount.

I will continue and maybe try what Mecanix wrote, but i believe it doesnt make sense for now, because i seem to be connected, but just cant access the shared folder. I can open other folders that i see, but i dont see any files inside the folders.

Try this form as I mentioned above. And you may have to enable cifs v1 as I linked to above

smb://WINDOWS_USER_NAME@IP_ADDRESS_OF_SERVER/NAME_OF_SHARE

Smb1 is enabled on the windows pc. See attachment
when I try the command with the name of the shared folder, then i get failed to open "smb://192.168.1.216/cnc-files". Failed to mount windows share.

It seems to be so close, but something I blocking access to the folder.