Mach sucks - I used to suffer through that junk crashing on me all the flippin' time.
LinuxCNC takes standard G and M codes, same as a Fanuc, Mitsubishi, Centroid and yes, Mach would take. If you want to get technical, LinuxCNC and Mach share the same ancestral history.
As far as your code is concerned, there's nothing special to it:
G1 straight line
G2 clockwise arc
G3 counterclockwise arc
G4 Dwell
etc.
Any standard Fanuc style post will work for your application. I have multiple CAM systems and have no major issues with getting any of them to output what I need. The things that do tend to vary are M codes, but that's builder specific in my line of work (Applications Engineer for a global machine tool company). The standards are always the same:
M3 clockwise spindle
M4 counterclockwise spindle
M5 spindle stop
M8 flood coolant on
M9 coolant off
M30 program end and rewind
etc.
You won't have any issues with finding posts. If you use FreeCAD, they actually have a post called LinuxCNC that is pretty clean from what I saw in their CAM module (I used it for about 8 seconds, so I'm no pro at it).
As far as computers go, I tried a U700 micropc with horrid results. I'm talking 400k servo-thread latency. My laptop is 65000 without running isolcpus in Linux, turning it on nets me about 15000, which is flying for Mesa hardware. Running isolcpus on the micropc resulted in 50k at best, which wasn't good enough for my taste, so I sent it back. I'm running my Emco from a Raspberry Pi, but I'm still in the tinkering phases with it, so I can't really give the gold star with it yet. It seems promising, but the touch screen drivers are flaky, so I'm a little perturbed over that. If you manage to find a good mini-pc board, clue me in as to what you're using.
I started uploading my retrofit videos, if you want to check them out.