the more i think about it the more i want a horizontal mill so i have been thinking about doing a BT30 taper spindle with a manual automatic tool change feature. atc would be nice but i don't have the time to waste to brain storm something like that.
I've messed with DC motors for spindles they suck for anything serious. servo's on a spindle are expensive and the ones that are reasonable are not very fast and max out around 3000 RPM which is to slow. what i have never looked at or thought about much was a VFD.
after looking at them for a while i learned a few things that i never knew before so i am glad i looked into them some. i never knew you could use them to run a 3 phase motor from a single phase input. i never looked at 3 phase anything since i only have single phase service at home. after digging some more i seen its common to over speed a motor to a degree by running them beyond 60Hz. it seems pretty common to run up to 90Hz to 120Hz if you have a better motor. from what i seen so far it all depends on the balance on the motor. so at 90Hz on a motor with a base speed of 3600RPM would give you 5400rpm which is not bad. the constant torque rating can vary quite a bit between motors but 10:1 constant torque would give you a range between 360RPM and 3600RPM which again is not bad at all.
i was looking at a 3 HP motor and the torque is somewhere around 24 newton meters for a constant torque rating which is leaps and bounds past what i have been messing around with lately. and the inverter duty 3 phase motor new is priced @ $330 which is reasonable i thought with a 10:1 constant torque rating. you can get them this size cheaper but the constant torque rating is only 4:1 on the ones i have seen that were cheaper.
some motors have encoders built in for feed back but those are way out of what i would think about spending and then you have some with a 1000:1 constant torque rating and they are crazy expensive as well.
one nice thing about the inverter duty motors are they can be oversized in HP and not add very much cost. the down size is the extra weight but i was not to worried there since this machine had a 1hp motor hanging off the back to begin with so it's built to handle some weight already.
i think i have a good motor found so now the VFD end needs some research

they vary quite a bit too