What parts do you have? If you still have the original stepper drives, and if they take step/dir signals then it is a pretty easy conversion.
My shopping list would probably be
Intel BOXD525MW $80
8 GB SATA DOM $40
60W PicoPSU $30
Mesa 5i25 $80
Mesa 7i76 $120
Then keep the existing drives and stepper motors.
Alternatives include the Pico PPMC USC. for £250 for the control card. You might also consider the new Intel DN2800MT motherboard which runs direct from a 12V supply (which probably exists in the case). It will work with the PPMC / USC as that uses the parallel port for communication, but as it has PCIe rather then PCI you would need to change the 5i25 to a 6i25 if going the Mesa route.
www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item...813121442&Tpk=D525MW
www.mesanet.com/
(Anything IO FPGA cards section)
www.pico-systems.com/univstep.html
If the motors are 5-wire and all the wires are used, then that means that they are being drive by Unipolar drives. This isn't a bad thing, necessarily, as it was clearly adequate when the machine was built. You can run a 5-wire motor with a bipolar supply simply by ignoring the centre tap as described here:
www.stepperworld.com/Tutorials/pgBipolarTutorial.htm
but I doubt that the increased performance would justify the expense, and might just lead to overheated motors.